PENGARUH LATIHAN ISOTONIK DAN ISOMETRIK TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latihan fisik merupakan stimulus yang kuat yang dapat meningkatkan uptake glukosa ke dalam otot skeletal, sehingga dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Tetapi pengaruh latihan isometrik dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah belum diketahui. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada latihan isometrik dan latihan isotonik. Penilitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian Randomized Control Group Pre Test - Post Test Design. Jumlah sampel masing-masing kelompok 15 responden, yang diambil secara acak sederhana. Variabel bebas penelitian adalah latihan isometrik dengan latihan Squas dan latihan isotonik dengan latihan Havart Step Test yang dilakukan 30 menit postpandrial selama 30 menit. Sedangkan variabel bebasnya adalah kadar glukosa darah yang diukur pada 30 menit dan 60 menit postpandrial. Hasil uji Anova pada latihan isotonik diperoleh nilai P=0.000, pada latihan isotonik diperoleh nilai P=0.000. Sedangkan nilai antar kelompok pada 30 menit postpandrial diperoleh nilai P=0.000, pada 60 menit pospandrial diperoleh nilai P=0.778. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah bahwa latihan isotonik dan latihan isometrik keduanya dapat menurunkan kada glukosa darah. Latihan isometrik lebih efektif menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dibanding latihan isotonik. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, latihan isometrik dapat direkomendasikan untuk dikembangkan untuk memelihara dan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Latihan Isometrik sangat berguna pada pasien dengan trauma sendi atau gangguan pergerakan sendi, gangguan fungsi jantung, dan lanjut usia.

Kata Kunci : latihan isotonik, latihan isometrik, kadar glukosa darah

 

ABSTRACT

Physical exercise was a powerful stimulation of the glucose uptake to skeletal muscle that could decrease the blood glucose level, but the effect of a isometric exercise to decrease the blood glucose levels haven’t known yet. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of an isometric exercise and isotonik exercise on the decrease of blood glucose level. This study used Randomized Control Group Pre Test - Post Test Design. The number of samples in each respective group was 15 respondents, with using simple random sampling technique. The independent variable of this research were isotonic exercise by squas exercise and isometric exercise by Havart step test, and exercise was performed 30 minutes postpandrial for 30 minutes along. The dependent variable of this researchs was the blood glucose level that taked 30 minute postprandial and 60 minute postprandial. The results of statistical analysis with Anova test, isotonic exercise had value of significance = 0,000. Comparison between the fast blood glucose and blood glucose 60 minute postpandrial had value of significance P = 0,000. The isometric exercise have significance P = 0,000, and comparison between the fast blood glucose and blood glucose 60 minute postpandrial have value of significance P = 0,778. The conclusion of this research was both of isotonic and isometric exercise could decrease the blood glucose level. The isometric exercise was more effective to decrease the blood glucose level than the isotonic one. Therefore based of this research, the isometric exercise can be recomended and developed to regulate and decrease the blood glucose level. Isometric Exercise was very useful especially to patients with joint injury or joint movement disorder, impaired heart function, and in elderly.

Keyword: Isotonic exercise, Isometric exercise, blood glucose level